What is the primary function of a Multi Layer Switch (Layer 3 switch)?

The primary function of a Multi Layer Switch, also known as a Layer 3 switch, is to route traffic based on IP addresses. This type of switch combines the functionality of a traditional Layer 2 switch, which operates on MAC addresses for forwarding decisions, with routing capabilities that allow it to process network-layer traffic.

By utilizing IP addresses, a Layer 3 switch can make intelligent forwarding decisions that allow it to manage traffic efficiently between different subnets or VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks). This capability significantly enhances the performance of large networks by allowing inter-VLAN routing without the need for separate routers.

In contrast to filtering traffic based on MAC addresses, which is a characteristic of Layer 2 switches, the Layer 3 switch facilitates communication across different IP networks. It does not specialize in encryption during transmission, which is a function typically handled by other security protocols and technologies. Additionally, while it can perform the basic functions of a simple network switch, its primary advantage lies in its routing capabilities, setting it apart from simpler devices.