What ports are commonly associated with File Transfer Protocol (FTP)?

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a network protocol used to transfer files between a client and a server over a TCP-based network. It operates primarily using two ports: port 21 and port 20.

Port 21 is used for establishing control connections, which allows the client to send commands to the server. This is where the command and control data is exchanged, enabling the user to navigate directories, initiate file transfers, and manage settings. Meanwhile, port 20 is used for data transfer. It facilitates the actual transfer of files between the client and server once the control connection is established.

The other options listed include ports that serve entirely different protocols and purposes:

• Port 22 is used primarily for Secure Shell (SSH) and Secure Copy Protocol (SCP), while port 25 is for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), which handles email transmission.
• Ports 80 and 443 are associated with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS), respectively, which are protocols for web traffic.
• Ports 53 and 110 are used for Domain Name System (DNS) queries and Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) for email retrieval, respectively.

Understanding the specific ports associated with FTP is crucial for